Top Things to Do in Baku: A Modern City with Ancient Roots
Discover what makes Baku one of the most unique travel destinations in the Caucasus, blending futuristic architecture with rich history.
Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, is a fascinating fusion of old-world charm and 21st-century ambition. From the medieval Old City (Icherisheher) to the gleaming Flame Towers, Baku’s skyline reflects a city rooted in history yet boldly stepping into the future. The city’s unique blend of cultures and architecture makes it a captivating destination where ancient traditions coexist with modern innovation.
Icherisheher (Old City): A Journey Through Time
Start your exploration in Icherisheher, Baku’s Old City and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Enclosed by ancient walls, this historic core is a labyrinth of narrow, cobbled streets, ancient mosques, and medieval structures. As you wander through its winding alleys, the sense of stepping back in time is palpable.
The most iconic structure within the Old City is the Maiden Tower, a mysterious cylindrical fortress dating back to the 12th century. Climb to the top for panoramic views of the Caspian Sea and Baku’s modern skyline. The tower’s history is steeped in legends—some say it was a defensive structure, others believe it was an ancient observatory.
Next, visit the Palace of the Shirvanshahs, a sprawling complex that served as the royal residence of the Shirvanshah dynasty in the 15th century. The palace grounds include the Divankhana pavilion, the mausoleum of Seyid Yahya Bakuvi, and the ancient mosque. The intricate stone carvings and majestic domes offer a glimpse into Azerbaijan’s rich Islamic heritage.
Wander through the Caravanserai, ancient inns where traders once rested along the Silk Road. Today, these restored buildings house charming cafés and artisan shops, offering souvenirs like handmade carpets and copperware. The Old City’s blend of history and local craftsmanship makes it a must-visit for culture enthusiasts.
Modern Marvels: Flame Towers and Heydar Aliyev Center
Baku’s modern skyline is dominated by the Flame Towers, three soaring structures that symbolize Azerbaijan’s ancient fire-worshipping heritage. At night, the towers light up with dynamic LED displays, depicting flames, the national flag, and cultural motifs. To experience their full splendor, take the funicular to Highland Park, where you’ll enjoy breathtaking panoramic views of the illuminated city and the Caspian Sea.
For a deeper dive into contemporary design, visit the Heydar Aliyev Center, designed by the legendary Zaha Hadid. The center’s flowing, wave-like form defies traditional architectural norms, embodying modern Baku’s innovative spirit. Inside, the center hosts art exhibitions, cultural events, and an interactive museum celebrating Azerbaijan’s heritage.
The Azerbaijan Carpet Museum, shaped like a rolled-up carpet, is another modern architectural gem. Inside, you’ll find exquisite collections of Azerbaijani carpets, showcasing the artistry and craftsmanship of different regions. The museum’s design and exhibits beautifully link tradition with contemporary aesthetics.
Baku’s architectural landscape is a testament to its evolving identity—embracing modernity while honoring its historical roots. Whether viewing the Flame Towers from the waterfront or exploring the Heydar Aliyev Center’s futuristic halls, the city’s skyline tells a story of progress and pride.
Baku Boulevard: Caspian Sea Serenity
A visit to Baku is incomplete without a stroll along the Caspian Sea Boulevard, also known as Baku Boulevard. Stretching for several kilometers along the waterfront, this promenade is a favorite spot for both locals and tourists. As you walk, you’ll encounter manicured gardens, amusement parks, and modern sculptures, each reflecting Baku’s creative energy.
The Baku Ferris Wheel offers a unique perspective of the city’s coastline, while Little Venice, with its network of narrow canals, provides a romantic setting for a boat ride. As the sun sets, the boulevard comes alive with vibrant street performers and food vendors. Sample local street food like qutab (stuffed flatbread) and dovga (yogurt soup), or stop by a café for black tea served in traditional armudu glasses.
For a cultural experience, visit the Baku Crystal Hall, an impressive venue that hosted the Eurovision Song Contest. Its illuminated facade glows in sync with the city’s nightscape, adding to the boulevard’s lively atmosphere. The Yacht Club at the southern end of the boulevard offers a touch of luxury, with fine dining and views of sleek sailing vessels.
The boulevard’s mix of leisure and elegance perfectly complements Baku’s dynamic character, making it an ideal place to relax and enjoy the city’s maritime charm.
Art and Culture: The Heart of Modern Baku
Art enthusiasts should explore the YARAT Contemporary Art Space, housed in a converted Soviet-era building along the seafront. The space showcases works by Azerbaijani and international artists, reflecting Baku’s commitment to fostering modern creativity. The exhibitions often address themes of identity, tradition, and transformation, echoing the city’s own narrative.
The Museum of Modern Art, located nearby, features works from Azerbaijani avant-garde artists alongside contemporary pieces. The museum’s open, airy design encourages exploration and creative thinking. Highlights include sculptures and paintings that blend Soviet influences with local motifs, presenting a unique artistic dialogue.
For a glimpse into Azerbaijan’s literary heritage, visit the Nizami Museum of Azerbaijani Literature, adorned with intricate mosaics and sculptures of prominent poets. The museum’s vast collection includes rare manuscripts and literary artifacts, celebrating the enduring legacy of Azerbaijani poetry.
Baku’s commitment to preserving its cultural soul while embracing modern art forms creates a vibrant creative landscape. Whether exploring a contemporary gallery or a historic museum, the city’s art scene reflects both innovation and reverence for tradition.
Final Thoughts: Baku’s Timeless Charm and Bold Vision
No visit to Baku is complete without experiencing both its ancient and modern sides. From the medieval alleys of Icherisheher to the shimmering Flame Towers, Baku’s contrasts are its greatest asset. The city’s ability to honor its past while embracing innovation defines its unique character, making it a captivating destination for every traveler.
Whether you’re wandering through history in the Old City, marveling at modern architecture, or relaxing by the Caspian Sea, Baku’s blend of tradition and modernity ensures that each moment is rich with discovery. The city’s warm hospitality, rich heritage, and progressive vision make it a place where the past and future coexist in harmonious elegance.
